For this reason, it was called the City of the Great King (Psalm 48:2), and Israel, uniquely, has guaranteed religious freedom and access to all religions in Jerusalem since it regained sovereignty in 1967. Any Most of us understand that giving up half of Jerusalem would pose a security threat to the Jewish state. . The current regime only allowed for limited protests following last Fridays prayers at Al-Azhar Mosque, while it confronted other attempts and calls for demonstrations by arresting protesters. Therefore, the return of Jerusalem to Jewish hands is viewed as an act of God. They also carry temporary Jordanian passports without a national identification number.
This has proven to be untrue since Trump and the United States recognition of Jerusalem as the capital of Israel has not inflamed the region or caused Arab and Muslim allies of the United States to cut ties with the U.S. or expel American diplomats from capitals across the Arab and Muslim world. Dr. Patricia Sohn, Ph.D., is Associate Professor of Political Science at the University of Florida. Again, it seems that evangelicals have a good level of certainty regarding issues that the Bible speaks to more directly. But, if a literal view of Jerusalem is understood and the history of Jerusalem in the Bible is examined, it becomes clear that this city is the capital city of the nation of Israel. In 1980, Israel passed the Jerusalem Law, stating that Jerusalem, complete and united, is the capital of Israel, thereby formalising its annexation of East Jerusalem. Those efforts also helped to, Spurred on by the founder and his legacy, Libertys church planters have impacted lives for Christ across the U.S. and abroad Liberty University founder Jerry Falwell Sr. served in every, The stories of Jesus Christ and those who walked the earth with Him are the most powerful stories to ever make it on screen. That spring, Liberty announced a financial investment in leading-edge development projects in the technology, medical, and defense industries in Israel. Dr. Ramy Aziz is a researcher and analyst for the Middle East and international affairs. US President Donald Trump called Jerusalem the capital of Israel on December 6 and began the process of moving his countrys embassy to the city., The move sparked global condemnation from world leaders.. Jerusalem as the Capital of IsraelWhy Wonder? Meanwhile in Erdogan-Muslim Brotherhood Turkey, Erdogan, despite the decline of his role, the shattering of his dreams to control the region through the Muslim Brotherhood, has found his ambition to emerge as the representative and the protector of Islam, Muslims, and their issues without having made any tangible contribution to the reclamation of Jerusalem in line with their claims. But again, this is a deduction, as the question was not directly asked of the 2,002 survey participants. For example, sixty-nine percent of evangelicals say they are positive towards Israel. The focus of our question about Gods role for Jerusalem should focus on whether or not the Bible teaches that it is the capital of Israel. Both sides want peace. No country in the world recognises Jerusalem as Israels capital. When you think of the modern rebirth of the State of Israel in 1948 and the re-gathering of millions of Jewish people to Israel eighty percent say these events were fulfillments of Bible prophecy that show we are getting closer to the return of Jesus Christ and twenty percent say these were simply interesting geopolitical events.[2].
In recent years, the Palestinian Authority abandoned this process and sought to have its demands met through the United Nations. On the other hand, twenty-three percent say that the Palestinians should be allowed to create their own sovereign state while thirty-one percent disagree and forty-six percent are not sure! We were so proud, and we felt our kinship to the Land of Israel was nearly complete until we went to the American Consulate in Jerusalem to get our daughters first U.S. Passport. Israel, in particular, is the subject of many biblical promises and therefore, evangelicals are very concerned about the Israeli-Palestinian conflict and are willing to share their opinions about the situation. This is why it is important for those who love the Lord and the Messiah to think through what the Bible says about the city of Jerusalem. The existence of institutions, such as the Knesset, the Prime Ministers office, and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, verify that it is the capital. For me, it is a very practical, empirical issue a sort of Weberian ethnographic realism (to be distinguished from Realism in IR). It is unclear if embassies existed throughout biblical history. READ MORE: What are illegal Israeli settlements? So why is it astonishing that the United States recognized it as the capital, when it in reality already was the capital? That is a massive amount of uncertainty for such a crucial question! Fax: 202-223-5364, Fikra Forum is an initiative of the Washington Institute for Near East Policy. We anchor our thinking not in the Old Testaments land-based promises, but in the Gospel, where the tribal or local theologies about Israel become global and universal, welcoming all people from every tribe and every land into a divine promise of blessing. Israeli jurisdiction and ownership of Jerusalem, however, is not recognised by the international community, including the United States. This promise included the land, of course, which would also include the most well-known city in Israel: Jerusalem. This is a very controversial issue from a political perspective as Israels neighbors and supporters around the globe disagree with this decision, as they are hoping for a two-state solution, which would once again divide Jerusalem, East Jerusalem for the Palestinian state and West Jerusalem for the Jewish state. Throughout multiple eras of television and radio broadcasting, Liberty Universitys founder, Dr. Jerry Falwell, was committed to using every available means to spread the Gospel. 1111 19th Street NW - Suite 500 Enjoy the journey!
And, at the level of the people, overwhelmingly, Jerusalem is the capital in the hearts of the people. Those who cannot prove that the centre of their life is in Jerusalem and that they have lived there continuously, lose their right to live in their city of birth. This also indicates that evangelicals have a grasp of the history of Israel and Jerusalem, but this knowledge of Jewish history is mostly derived from the Bible itself. The above are just some of the challenges in bringing true and lasting peace to a complex and conflicted region. Yet, a number of other questions in the survey help us better understand evangelical attitudes about both of the above issues. The Jerusalem situation is counted as a precious opportunity by Hassan Nasrallah, who certainly would not waste the chance to cover up crimes such as the killing and extermination of innocent people in Syria under the fake banner of resistance in the name of Jerusalem. Despite Israels de facto annexation of East Jerusalem, Palestinians who live there were not granted Israeli citizenship. So many of the great Patriarchs of the Bible all agreed on this important claim! This would settle the Jerusalem issue in a heartbeat, as he does not think it will ever belong to the Jewish people by divine covenant capital or not. But, others are in Jerusalem and, certainly, all would be in Jerusalem in a situation of non-conflict. As he does so, I hope that he is also asking Donald Trump for recognition of East Jerusalem as the capital of Palestine. Rami Aziz is an Egyptian researcher and political analyst, working on his doctorate from the University of Rome. When you read in the news sometimes as an aside that some actors wanted Jerusalem to be internationalized, that is what it means: controlled by an international body (of Western actors) that would be created for that purpose. Israels taking of East Jerusalem in 1967, declaring a united East and West Jerusalem to be its capital in 1980, somehow something that does not belong equally to Palestinians any longer, Jerusalem is the capital in the hearts of the Palestinian people, Trumps Jerusalem Decision: A US Policy Perspective, Opinion Israel-Palestine Policy Under Biden, Donald Trump and the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict, Assessing One-State and Two-State Proposals to Solve the Israel-Palestine Conflict, Opinion Confronting Israels Annexation Plans: From Fear to Hope, Revisiting Palestines Membership at the UN and Evolving Implications. The views expressed by Fikra Forum contributors are the personal views of the individual authors, and are not necessarily endorsed by the Institute, its staff, Board of Directors, or Board of Advisors., . Dr. Randall Price removes fragments of storage jars that held the Dead Sea Scrolls. Most disciples of Jesus are not experts on Middle Eastern politics! [1] Randall Price, Jerusalem in Prophecy: Gods Stage for the Final Drama (Eugene, OR: Harvest House Publishers, 1998), 7879. During the 1967 war, Israel captured the eastern half of Jerusalem, which was under Jordanian control at the time, and proceeded to effectively annex it by extending Israeli law, bringing it directly under its jurisdiction, in a breach of international law. From my perspective, this is fantastic news. We cannot be sure of this again as it is a deduction, but it would seem to be logical, as according to the survey, evangelicals get most of their understanding of Israel from the Bible itself. Will the Putin-Erdogan-Raisi Summit Spark a Turkish Incursion into Syria? This shift in emphasis, which challenges the exclusivity of any one tribe and universalizes blessing, explains the world-mission of the ancient church and the inclusion of Gentiles in Jesus Jewish messianic movement. That is, if ever there is a peace, breakers of it must be punished by their own government and its effective institutional and bureaucratic apparatus. What about Palestinians? Before you download your free e-book, please consider donating to This week the U.S. officially recognized Jerusalem as the capital of the modern state of Israel. That is, a government may be able to offer representative bodies to hear and voice the needs of the people but, without political institutions and an effective and operational bureaucratic apparatus, the needs of the people may be heard endlessly without any chance of ever being met. And where are the people on the question? Jerusalem was and always will be the capital of Israel and the future home of Jesus upon His return. So, the battle is really over the question of whether Israel should control East Jerusalem; I lean to the Palestinian side on that question, so I am not trying to understate its importance. From a religious perspective, the Bible, which mentions Jerusalem more than any other place (about 800 times), states, the Lord has chosen Jerusalem and will dwell there forever (Psalm 132:13-14) and expressly calls upon Gods people to never forget Jerusalem and to exalt it above their chief joy (Psalm 137:5-6). Gamal Abdel Nasser often used the Jerusalem issue to stir up the masses not just in Egypt but across the Arab world by reiterating hate-filled slogans hostile towards Jews and Israel, which threatened to throw Israel into the sea and remove it from existence. Moreover, no country in the world recognises Jerusalem as Israels capital, with the exception of the US and Russia, the latter whichannounced its recognition of West Jerusalem as the capital of Israel, and East Jerusalem as the capital ofthe future Palestinian state., As of now, embassies in Israel are based in the commercial capital, Tel Aviv, although some countries have based their consulate offices in Jerusalem.. Formerly, the U.S., while promoting direct negotiations, abstained from recognizing Jerusalem the major issue in this dispute which emboldened the Palestinians to independent action. Wayne Hilsden, founder and president of Fellowship Israel Related Ministries, delivered the message. [2] Survey report, Evangelical Attitudes towards Israel, Life Way Research, p.3, [3] Gary Burge, You Can Be an Evangelical and Reject TrumpsJerusalem Decision The Atlantic, December 6, 2017 accessed December 7, 2017, https://flipboard.com/@flipboard/-you-can-be-an-evangelical-and-reject-tr/f-3c5d40d935%2Ftheatlantic.com, Jerusalem in the Bible and throughout history. The special status was based on Jerusalems religious importance to the three Abrahamic religions. The undertaking of such a move however has been avoided by a number of former U.S. presidents (Clinton, George W. Bush, and Obama) on the pretext that it would have negative consequences for the peace process and U.S. interests in the Arab and Islamic world. It reflects, I hope, the beginning of a new era in U.S. and other countries approaches to Israel, Palestine, and the Middle East in general, one that takes more seriously the empirical situation on the ground in those places at both the level of institutions and the people. Perhaps we should start here in our biblical journey? The survey was commissioned in the summer of 2017 and the results were released December 4, 2017. In the case of Lebanon, it is possible to sum up the current situation in a short sentence: the Lebanese State is being hijacked by Hezbollah an arm of Iran which Lebanon has been incapable of handling.
Donations are voluntary and not required to download the e-book - your link to download is below. There are several reasons behind this: to ensure that the occupation is temporary and to prevent the occupying state from establishing a long-term presence through military rule; to protect the occupied civilians from the theft of resources; to prevent apartheid and changes in the demographic makeup of the territory. Palestinian Jerusalemites are essentially stateless, stuck in legal limbo they are not citizens of Israel, nor are they citizens of Jordan or Palestine., Israel treats Palestinians in East Jerusalem as foreign immigrants who live there as a favour granted to them by the state and not by right, despite having been born there. In addition to fulfilling a campaign promise to his base, the move undertaken by the President legally implements a law passed by Congress in 1995 called The Jerusalem Embassy Act of 1995, which was scheduled to be implemented no later than 1999. Pray for the peace of Jerusalem: May they prosper who love you (Psalms 122:6). When diving into the grass-roots level of this scene on the streets of the Arab world, we find that there are nevertheless protests and demonstrations across several Arab and Islamic capitals such as Cairo, Amman, Beirut, Ankara, and Tehran.
The Palestinian issue and the case of Jerusalem remains the most frequently used case by such religious and political opposition movements in the Arab and Islamic world to rally support and cover up internal concerns and the failures of their institutions. In the meantime, any Jew around the world enjoys the right to live in Israel and to obtain Israeli citizenship under Israels Law of Return.. Nasrallah has always justified the crimes of Hezbollah by claiming the road to Jerusalem does not pass through Jounieh, as some say, but rather passes through Al-Qalamoun, As-Suwayda, Zabadani and Al-Hasaka.. How to Respond to Chinas Growing Influence in the Gulf, Timeline of Tunisia's Constitutional Crisis and the U.S. In conclusion, Jerusalem has already, even before president Trumps recognition of it as the capital of Israel, fulfilled this role.
We understand that in the future Jerusalem, the nations of the world will be commanded to come up and worship the King during the Feast of Tabernacles (Sukkot, Zechariah 14:16-19). There will continue to be condemnation from the politically biased United Nations General Assembly. In Israel, the main institutions of the national government are in Jerusalem and have been since the years immediately after the establishment of the state (as quickly as was practicable). The UN has affirmed in several resolutions that the settlement project is in direct contravention of the Fourth Geneva Convention, which prohibits an occupying country from transferring its population into the areas it occupies. After all, Jerusalem is where the prime minister of Israel lives, where all of the government agencies are housed, where the Knesset (Israels parliament) sits, and where the Supreme Court presides. The decision disrupts the current peace process like a stone crashing into tranquil water and has once again brought the Palestinian issue to the forefront of current events after having fallen to the bottom of the list of concerns for both the Arab and international community in recent years, given the emergence of other more pressing matters. For decades, since the return of Jewish control over Jerusalem, hundreds of thousands, even millions, of Muslims have visited and prayed in Al-Aqsa Mosque freely without anyone stopping them. Liberty has continued to nurture a relationship with Israel. Early last year, Dr. Randall Price and Liberty students and faculty helped to uncover evidence in a cave in Qumran, Israel, making Christianity Todays Top 10 Discoveries of 2017 for Biblical Archaeology. Palestinian Authority President Mahmoud Abbas and the Palestinian Authority have the unenviable job of selling the decidedly non-flashy, non-dramatic modern, systematic, merit-based, and procedural bureaucracy to a good people now used to many decades of statelessness and guerilla warfare. The current Knesset building was constructed in the late 1950s. Many thanks! Tel: 202-452-0650 Al Jazeera Centre for Public Liberties & Human Rights. That is, where are the major national or state institutions? The current location of some of the national institutions of the Palestinian Authority has to do with limited access to Jerusalem due to the real security situation of the state of Israel. The most significant reactions issued by these aforementioned countries consist of official statements and declarations of rejection and condemnation, although the reaction of the Arab League during its meeting more readily represents the reaction at the Foreign Minister level rather than the reaction of heads of state or kings. There, Israels kings ruled and the Temples stood. He also leads annual tours to the Holy Land and is curator of the Liberty Biblical Museum, which houses many of the biblical artifacts he has collected throughout his career.
First, it is my understanding that the initial decision of the U.S. not to recognize Jerusalem as the capital of Israel had more to do, at the time, with domestic politics, including complicated and varying positions of Christian constituencies in the U.S. For international actors, the desire to make Jerusalem a city controlled by an internationalized entity has been important to some. Dr. Burge views the Bible and its history through the lens of supersessionism and is simply stating that the land promises to the Jewish people should not be taken literally and certainly should not be applied to Israel today. The Institute is a 501(c)3 organization; all donations are tax-deductible. Paul can refer to gentiles as children of Abraham (Romans 4:11) because its through faith, not ethnic lineage, that one gains access to the blessings of God. To begin with the level of the people, overwhelmingly, Jerusalem is the capital in the hearts of the Palestinian people. Dr. Randall Price teaches courses on biblical and Judaic studies as a distinguished research professor in the Rawlings School of Divinity. At the institutional level, many of the most important national institutions of the Palestinian Authority and the Palestinian people (whether now open or closed) are in Jerusalem. On Oct. 18, Liberty honored the culture, heritage, and accomplishments of past and present Jews during a Judeo-focused Convocation.
However, if we take a closer look at what is behind these demonstrations, we find religious currents and organizations whose political goals are always based on providing a given pretext or excuse in order to find legitimacy and gain public support. Therefore, Palestinians must seize the current momentum that has once again brought the Palestinian issue back to the center of international attention, and move forward with direct and serious negotiations sponsored by the United States, the European Union, and the Arab League that take advantage of the existing state of rapprochement between Israel and Arab actors in the region, led by Saudi Arabia and Egypt. His research focuses on the growth and development of political Islam in Europe. It was the first major discovery related to the Dead Sea Scrolls in 60 years. Under the 1947 UN Partition Plan to divide historical Palestine between Jewish and Arab states, Jerusalem was granted special status and was meant to be placed under international sovereignty and control. Israel has always demonstrated its willingness to reconcile political disputes with the Palestinians through direct negotiations. Politically, the United States has continually acknowledged Jerusalem despite its international status as a disputed city as the capital of Israel. At this time, it seems that we are a long way off from a two-state solution becoming a reality. This means that they are not full Jordanian citizens they need a work permit to work in Jordan and do not have access to governmental services and benefits such as reduced education fees. What will be the outcome? However, the U.S. act of recognition serves the interest of renewing the peace process in the Middle East. While Palestinians live under apartheid-like conditions, Israelis enjoy a sense of normality, guaranteed for them by their state., of East Jerusalemviolates several principles under international law,which outlines that an occupying power. He has also had an extensive career as an archaeologist, serving as the director of excavations on the Qumran Plateau in Israel (site of the Dead Sea Scrolls community) since 2002. amount, in any currency, is appreciated. But the area in question is familiar to us because we read the Bible, both the Old and New Testament. However, the regime used these Islamists as a boogeyman to coerce support from both the United States and Israel, while the Islamists searched for any chance, even though it be subject to the governments conditions, to demonstrate their numerical and organizational potential. Your donations allow us to invest in new open access titles and pay our The discovery of broken storage jars, scroll wrappings, string, and a piece of worked leather, as well as pickaxe heads from looters in the 1950s, proves the Dead Sea Scrolls were once stored there.
Some of these are equivalent to pre-state institutions of the Zionist movement in Mandatory Palestine, such as the Histadrut; the latter became a major building block for institutional and bureaucratic efficacy of the early state in the case of Israel. Iran has even gone as far as to give the name Jerusalem to one of the most important groups in the Revolutionary Guard led by Qasem Soleimani, who is the engineer of the sectarian wars which beguile the region and have resulted in the loss of hundreds of thousands of innocent souls. In regard to the question of Jerusalem as the capital of the Palestinian people, if we consider the question at the institutional and grassroots levels, then, again, the answer is that Jerusalem is the capital of the Palestinian people.
An initiative of the Washington Institute for Near East Policy. How could evangelicals possibly not understand that Jerusalem is a literal city, the biblical and historic capital of Israel? Presumably, in a two-state situation where a peace is respected on both sides, this would no longer be the case. In 1992, President Bill Clinton said, Jerusalem is the capital of Israel and must remain an undivided city. The next year, he said he supported the principle of moving the U.S. Embassy to Jerusalem. In 1995, the U.S. Congress passed the Jerusalem Embassy Act, calling Jerusalem the undivided capital of Israel and requiring the embassy to be moved to Jerusalem by 1999. The alignment of nations in the Middle East is a maze of tensions that are difficult for Westerners to understand fully.
As for my daughter, it now means she will get a new passport with a long-awaited change affirming that being born in Jerusalem means being born in Israel! However, the fact of Jerusalem being Israels capital is simply a matter of empirics on both the institutional level and the level of the people. Any Palestinian who has lived outside the boundaries of Jerusalem for a certain period of time, whether in a foreign country or even in the West Bank, is at risk of losing their right to live there. Since 1967, Israel has revoked the status of 14,000 Palestinians, according to Israeli rights group BTselem. In response, the UN Security Council passed Resolution 478 in 1980, declaring the law null and void.Theillegal Israeliannexationof East Jerusalemviolates several principles under international law,which outlines that an occupying power does not have sovereignty in the territory it occupies. This would imply that evangelicals believe Israel has the right and mandate to determine her own capital. So, lets review the facts from historical, religious, and political perspectives. It is two thousand years old, to be a free people in our land, the land of Zion and Jerusalem., However, during the 1948 War of Independence, Jordanian forces conquered and occupied the eastern part of Jerusalem containing the historic Jewish Quarter, the Temple Mount and Western Wall, Hebrew University, and Hadassah Hospital.
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