The Haggar Company would become the worlds largest manufacturers of mens dress slacks.Theodore Gantos began as a peddler in 1924 in Grand Rapids, Michigan. Others bought farms in states like Texas, South Dakota, and Iowa.

Thank you so much for your work. to New Hampshire beginning in the late 20s and 1930s (you can read more about this in our project Legacies of Labor: Lebanese Factory Workers in Lawrence, Massachusetts, 1890-1950). Others (around 4,600 or 10% of the total number seeking entry to the US between 1899 and 1907) were turned away from Ellis Island because of loathsome and contagious disease(predominantly Trachoma) or insufficient funds to permit their entry.

[10], The Arab American Institute reports the top five states where Lebanese Americans reside are: Michigan (11%), California (9%), Ohio (6%), Florida (6%), and Massachusetts (5%). * Source: Now Media Nadine Elali---Other sources: Sources: Success factors of Lebanese Small Businesses in the United States by Zeinab Fawaz I The Arab community in the United States by Michael Suleiman I Lebanese Immigration into the United States by Alixa Naff I The Lebanon in the World by Charles Issawi. My paternal grandfather was Moses Abdullah Karella This solitary life compels us to consider whether these immigrants in far-flung countriesmany of whom spoke little Englishexperienced a lonely existence isolated from people familiar with their language and culture. Hello! Nagib was translated to Joseph once he was here. Thus, it may very well be that these reports are not accurate, and reflect more of the racial biases against non-Europeans than the real level of literacy among these early Arabic-speaking immigrants.

However, this census only represents one Ottoman province from which the early wave of Syrians came, ignoring other areas like Damascus, Hama, Aleppo, and Bethlehem. The chart below shows the age of Syrian immigrants according to the, Immigrants who came to the US between 1880 and 1930 were for the most part illiterate. In 1921, he moved his family to Dallas, Texas, bought a few sewing machines and started manufacturing work pants. While this provides interesting comparative data which may be accurate, it is important to keep in mind that Immigration Commission chair Senator Dillingham was himself instrumental in instating the literacy test as a means of halting immigration from places like Syria. Ida Bolos or Bolous .

Dr. Michael Shadid saved enough money to attend the University of Washington medical school, by peddling his way from New York to Texas selling jewelry. My grandfather and his brothers all changed their names from Lebanese to American ones, and none spoke Arabic. Had a fruit stand.Name sounds the same except for spelling.I think from Aita Al Foukar.Then Syria.Now Lebanon.There was a lot lost in translation.Lived in Indianna.Later settled in W.Va.I found the name so similar intreresting.Not sure what the A. (Najib Arbeely, one of the earliest immigrants to the US and a highly educated doctor, was the inspector at Ellis Island charged with conducting the tests on arriving immigrants).

Aside from showing that Lebanese immigrants were spread throughout the US, this peculiarity reinforces our earlier conclusion that we cannot presume that the history and lives of Lebanese immigrants was centered in New England or New York and Pennsylvania. Hi Bob- My husbands family immigrated 1898 per the 1900 US census- in Nashville, Tn. My error in reading the chart. Click here for instructions on how to enable JavaScript in your browser. We usually attend St Elias Festival every Spring.

They raised their children directly across the street from St Elias Maronite Catholic Church. Their destination was Lawrence Ma. Others (around 4,600 or 10% of the total number seeking entry to the US between 1899 and 1907) were turned away from Ellis Island because of loathsome and contagious disease.

Lebanese-Americans have settled in numerous states and cities but their presence is predominant in the states of Michigan (11%), Massachusetts (5%), California (9%), Ohio (6%), and Florida (6%). For instance, Texas consistently shows high numbers of Lebanese. The Lebanese community is known to have blended in smoothly with the American society, swiftly adopting regional accents and maintaining mostly courteous, respectful attitudes. Still trying to determine the accuracy of it too. Dr. Michael Shadid saved enough money to attend the University of Washington medical school, by peddling his way from New York to Texas selling jewelry. The second wave of Lebanese immigration began in the late 1940s and continued through the early 1990s, when Lebanese immigrants had been fleeing the Lebanese Civil War. Went to St Louis Gonzaga Church.. Miss those days . Security forces on Sunday fired rubber bullets, tear gas, pepper spray and water cannons at stone-throwing protesters in central Beirut, a day after almost 400 people were injured in the fiercest clashes yet January 20, 2020 The Lebanese legacy continues to spread across the world. There are three main sources for counting how many Levantine. Majorie, thanks for your reply. I started researching my ancestry a few months ago. The Early Lebanese in America: A Demographic Portrait, 1880-1930, Moise A. Khayrallah Center for Lebanese Diaspora Studies, Moise A. Khayrallah Center for Lebanese Diaspora, Khayrallah Center for Lebanese Diaspora Studies News. In 1910 it had the fourth highest population after New York, Pennsylvania, and Massachusetts. Joni, my paternal great grandparents also immigrated to Utica, NY from Baskinta. Some had initially traveled on purpose or by chance to other parts of the Americas stretching from Brazil to Mexico. Though fairly extant, they are limited in that census takers may not have been thorough, may have mis-recorded data, or may have chosen to artificially under-count particular groups. A post shared by Pervoe Radio FM Lebanon (@pervoeradiofm) on Jun 21, 2020 at 12:27am PDT. In order to post comments, please make sure JavaScript and Cookies are enabled, and reload the page.

There are more Lebanese outside Lebanon today than within. Driven by an admirable work ethic and resounding competitiveness, the community created and still does success story after success story in the aforementioned fields and countless more. There were about five of them originally. Her son Phillip returned to Birmingham and married. What was their average age? Naharnet Newsdesk. Some immigrants set out west, with places such as Detroit, Cleveland, Toledo, and Peoria gaining a large number of all Lebanese immigrants. They were members of St. Louis as well. In 1911 and 1919, a congressional committee compiled reports, ultimately aimed at gathering data to help draft legislation. Next generation possiblyMy grandfather immigrated 1912ish and ship manifest shows he and siblings headed to Dover. In comparison, the same report provided that only 1.6% of the native white population of the US was illiterate, while illiteracy among the foreign born population in this same time period was only 12.6%. In 1908 and 1909, the reports did provide data on these points, indicating that in those years, about 25% of immigrants returned. Many questions remain about the demographic makeup of the early Lebanese immigrant communities in the US. The first known Lebanese immigrant to the United States was Antonio Bishallany, a Maronite Christian, who arrived in Boston Harbor in 1854. This pattern was part of an immigrant hub-spokes system of trade that developed over time. As with most early 20th century immigrants to the US, these early Arabic speakers arrived mainly at Ellis Island, where the odours of disinfectants are worse than the stench of steerage, they await behind the bars their turn uttering such whimpers of expectancy, exchanging such gestures of hope. For many others their route was far more circuitous. Aside from biases in the source, the Immigration Commission reports also do not fully account for transmigration, or immigrants who temporarily or permanently returned to Lebanon. They were entrepreneurs at heart but initially peddled rags and settled in to factory work at the textile industries that dotted the major river running through each state. How many children did they have, if any? Our last name went through a couple iterations in the census remaining a mystery to this day. What kind of work did they do? With his new bride he opened a store in 1932. Razook, age 22 had been in the country five years and lived in an American household. Mt grandparents came from Baskinta.. By Likewise, they do not account for immigrants who entered the country multiple times (for example, to escort family members to the US). One census I read, stated they owned the land. However, the immigration reports were compiled with specific partisan agendas in mind, and were directly used to instate literacy tests and country of origin quotas that all but eliminated immigration from everywhere except Northwest Europe in the 1920s. One of the ways they show this love is through Lebanese food that is a very familiar sight in most Lebanese-American households. In youre name stands for.Always wondered about the correct spelling. We are fairly confident in the accuracy of the census data. [10] The rest of Metro Detroit has an even larger population of Lebanese residents. They are being elected to Congress and as governors, with one currently serving as a presidential chief of staff. Would you happen to know them or know anything about my grandparents Mary and Albert (Abdo) Ellis? However, this census only represents one Ottoman province from which the early wave of Syrians came, ignoring other areas like Damascus, Hama, Aleppo, and Bethlehem. Indeed, the Lebanese diaspora in the States has birthed highly successful executives, engineers, entertainment personalities, musicians, academics, journalists, health professionals, scientists, athletes in addition to politicians and government officials. For example, H. J. Kassem of Rockwood, Tennessee, regularly wired funds to new arrivals in Ellis Island to enlist them in his venture wherein he sent dozens of peddlers into the mountain districts [and] manages to keep bank account well up in the four figure column.. We are trying to piece together my great grandfathers (Amine John Scaff) journey from Syrian Arab Republic (1905) to Eagle Pass Texas. Cities and towns such as New York, or Fort Wayne, Indiana became distribution nodes where well established Lebanese merchants would supply relatives, friends from the village, or any other newcomer, with merchandise such as thread, shaving blades, and lace, and send them along the railroad lines to farther and farther places to be itinerant peddlers. He then went to New York to learn shirt design and manufacturing. While one Western state may count far fewer immigrants than itsnortheastern counterpart, a particular Western county may still have a significant population that rivals counties in densely populated states. October 30, 2019 : Each year, the Commissioner General of Immigration tabulated data on American immigrants. For those of the Druze faith, their future depends on it", U.S. Arab population doubles over 20 years - News, Harvard Encyclopedia of American Ethnic Groups, Births of U.S. states and territories by race/ethnicity, Race and ethnicity in the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lebanese_Americans&oldid=1099010423, Articles with dead external links from December 2017, Articles with permanently dead external links, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles using infobox ethnic group with image parameters, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Jones, J. Sydney, and Paula Hajar. The chart below shows the age of Syrian immigrants according to the 1911 Reports of the Immigration Commission. Many immigrants settled in northern New Jersey, in towns such as Bloomfield, Paterson, Newark, and Orange. One exception was the Lebanon League of Progress, founded in 1911, to promote a French-supported Maronite-dominated Lebanon.Lebanese and their descendants were mainly conservative, generally voting Republican because of their economic success and partly because the Republican ideology, with its emphasis on individualism, was predominant among the Diaspora. This was a golden era for Lebanese Americans. Census data also provide a closer look at the gender and age of early Lebanese immigrants. Hello Lisa The Lebanese have established a presence in the US since the 19th century. Since most Lebanese immigrants came to the United States (and other destinations) to work and then return home to live a more secure and comfortable life, then it is not surprising that the majority were of working age. While we tend to think of these pioneers are predominantly male, what becomes quickly clear from the recorded numbers is that women were ever present in this migratory movement. By the 1930 census, it showed two generations living on Garrison Road. Recognizing this pressing need, the Khayrallah Center launched an ongoing project to provide reliable population data for first-wave Lebanese-Americans from 1900 to 1930. Irrespective of how they entered the U.S., immigrants quickly spread throughout the country. [4] This information has been distributed by all American organizations, including the Arab American Institute and the United States census team. My grandparents came from Lebanon and settled in Utica, NY. Many headed immediately to the rural American frontiers to peddle, like Annie Abdo who settled in Oklahoma in the 1880s ultimately investing in real estate during the states land rush. Below are some of these questions and the best answers we can provide at this point with any factual accuracy. Given the economic opportunity and the similarities between the two value systems, the Lebanese became as success-oriented and free enterprising as their American hosts.But by 1910, peddling had become obsolete so many Lebanese opened family businesses in cities and small towns. Possibly by 1930. Brooklyn holds a significant Lebanese community, with a Maronite Cathedral the center of one of two eparchies for Maronite Lebanese in the United States, the other being in Los Angeles. For example, between 1900 and 1930, Las Animas County, in Colorado, reported hundreds of immigrants living in this remoteand by some measures unlikelycorner of the state.

At best we have imprecise, and quite often erroneous, answers to questions such as: how many immigrants were living in the United States between 1900 and 1930? Beyond Texas, and in general, this new data shows that the South was demographically more prominent than existing histories of Lebanese migration would lead one to believe. This includes both those who are native to the United States of America, as well as immigrants from Lebanon. Would be interested to know if record keeping was accurate in the mills. Campus Box 8013 Thus, the data they provide might be biased against certain groups, including those from the Ottoman Empire and categorized as Syrian.. In July of 1904, two peddlers, Ali Salaman Qabul and Mahmud Hamzy, were at the train station in Hamilton, Ohio, waiting to take delivery of a shipment of notions sent to them from Fort Wayne, Indiana (some 140 miles away) by Khalil Kobal Farah. [8] Most Druze immigrated to the U.S. from Lebanon and Syria.[9]. Two such men were Albert Razook and John Mansoor, dry goods peddlers who accounted for the only Lebanese in their respective counties of Sumner and Marion, Kansas in 1900. For example, the preliminary results presented in this essay provide a major revision to our understanding of this community. My moms maiden name was Ellis and her moms maiden name was Zegibe. Brooklyn, New York has one of the oldest Lebanese populations in America, dating over 125 years; one large center is in the Bay Ridge section. The United States is the second largest home of Druze communities outside the Middle East after Venezuela (60,000). My fathers family came from Baskinta, initially settled in Amsterdam/ Little Falls/ Fonda area of upstate NY and finally settled in Utica, NY where they as Maronite Catholics belonged to a thriving church community. One census I read, stated they owned the land. Thank you for clarity and good illustrations. [11], Media related to Lebanese Americans at Wikimedia Commons, "2019 American Community Survey - 1-Year Estimates - Table B04006", "Lebanese Americans, Celebrities, Photos and Information", "Sending relief--and a message of inclusion and loveto our Druze sisters and brothers", "Finding a life partner is hard enough. In time, societies based on family name and place of origin were formed. But the demographic map provides even more insights. I thought it was 1910. For example, between 1900 and 1930, Las Animas County, in Colorado, reported hundreds of immigrants living in this remoteand by some measures unlikelycorner of the state. One thing that contributed to this is the fact that the majority of the Lebanese community in the US is highly educated. While one Western state may count far fewer immigrants than itsnortheastern counterpart, a particular Western county may still have a significant population that rivals counties in densely populated states. Or perhaps they sought such a life precisely because it took them far away from the densely populated centers in New York or Dearborn. However, research at the Khayrallah Center is bringing us ever closer to more definitive answers. Between 1948 and 1990, over 60,000 Lebanese entered the United States. In other words, we can longer speak of a single narrative of Syrian immigration, but have to contend with multiple ones that diverge as much as they have common themes. The problem has been that most information compiled by researchers was based on rough estimates that, more often than not, provided wildly divergent numbers leaving one more perplexed than informed. Lebanese Americans are the largest group within that Arab population, with a population of nearly 1 million.The Lebanese American population is scattered throughout the Unites States, with the majority living on the east coast.

Cities and towns such as New York, or Fort Wayne, Indiana became distribution nodes where well established Lebanese merchants would supply relatives, friends from the village, or any other newcomer, with merchandise such as thread, shaving blades, and lace, and send them along the railroad lines to farther and farther places to be itinerant peddlers. As the chart below shows, only a small portion of occupations (merchants, professionals, and a portion of skilled workers) would imply the need or possession of literacy. in, Price, Jay M., and Sue Abdinnour, "Family, Ethnic Entrepreneurship, and the Lebanese of Kansas,", This page was last edited on 18 July 2022, at 15:19. Once predominantly Christian, the Lebanese in Bay Ridge are today equally split between Muslims and Christians. Next generation possiblyMy grandfather immigrated 1912ish and ship manifest shows he and siblings headed to Dover. A significant portion of the Lebanese generations present in the US today descended from the first immigrants who later poured into the country between the late 1800s and the 1940s. Possibly by 1930. My mothers family, having also come from a small village in the mountains of Lebanon, settled along the Ohio River (literally) in Cincinnati, Ohio, frequenting across the River to hunt and ride horses in Northern Kentucky. Though fairly extant, they are limited in that census takers may not have been thorough, may have mis-recorded data, or may have chosen to artificially under-count particular groups. I John Akouri, the president and CEO of the Lebanese American Chamber of Commerce I Lebanese Emigration Research center (LERC) NDU. After picking up the shipment, they traveled a route that normally took them to Princeton, Monroe, Mason, Lebanon and then as far as Wilmington, Ohio.

Some became millionaires.Early success storiesMansour Farah left Lebanon for Mexico in 1905. Many ranged even farther. as this was where her older brother was living. While we tend to think of these pioneers are predominantly male, what becomes quickly clear from the recorded numbers is that women were ever present in this, 1911 Reports of the Immigration Commission. All rights reserved. We do not know for sure, but we can finally provide the best estimate. Majorie, thanks for your reply. Found your review informative and helpful in pursuing my familys history at the turn of the 20th century from Baskinta and Taibe. "Lebanese Americans." At first, many of these resorted to peddling in order to make a living but, soon enough, they rose to the top of the food chain and made a name for themselves as a capable community with unabating earnestness to grow and provide. What is evident from these numbers is that the widely held idea that around 120,000 Lebanese immigrated to the US is incorrect. At one point or another, but especially in the earliest years of immigration as many as, . John Mansoor, a 42 year old immigrant of three years was living with a Russian family despite having his own wife and children elsewhere. Through DNA, my husband has many Birmingham connections in Homewood area. How many of them were women? The chart below shows the total population of Syrian immigrants in the United States according to the US Census as well as the total ethnic Syrian population (including children born to Syrian immigrants in the United States). Hi Carol, this is an interesting question about the Syrian/Lebanese population of New Hampshire. Thus, it is possible that later census years, such as 1940 and 1950, would reflect a higher population of Lebanese-Americans in New Hampshire.

Read a complete breakdown of reported occupations for Syrian immigrants arriving between 1899 and 1910 here. [3] Large scale-Lebanese immigration began in the late 19th century and settled mainly in Brooklyn and Boston, Massachusetts. Many ranged even farther. Immigrants who came to the US between 1880 and 1930 were for the most part illiterate. That is not to say that the community has strayed away from its heritage. Later, he moved to El Paso, Texas, with his family and opened a small factory that produced blue chambray work shirts.

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