NDI's work upholds the idea that democracy is a human right a principle enshrined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. An Argetoianu Government Is Under Preparation! Moreover, civil society organizations have uncovered evidence revealing political influence that the central government (and the party in power) retains over mayors through governmental funding allocations. Watchdogs have also expressed concern over the increasing presence of disinformation and propaganda in the media, which could allow powerful interests to improperly influence public views. However, clientelism in local politics remains a problem. The main party renamed itself the Party of Social Democracy in The latter were effectively banned in 1924 by the so-called Mrzescu law. National Assembly. During his governance, the introduction of political, social and economic reforms were started, as well as the NATO accession and the final parley phase for EU accession. Score Change: The score improved from 3 to 4 due to reforms of the electoral laws and framework ahead the presidential election, which expanded opportunities to vote and eliminated flaws that had adversely affected balloting in the past. After the Revolution, the party was re-established and obtained 39 parliamentary seats. Nevertheless, many human rights and governance groups suffer from funding shortages and often face hostility and smears from politicians and other actors. Economic opportunity varies widely between urban and rural areas, and such disparities limit social mobility for some. Twenty-three parties and seven independent candidates registered with the Central Electoral Bureau to participate in the May 2019 European Parliament elections. Tudors second-place position ensured he would compete in the second round run-off against the former president, Ion Iliescu, who won by a large margin. Romania is a member of both the European Union and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)., NDI has maintained a continuous presence in Romania since the 1989 revolution through its Bucharest office. The Institute supported Romania's first democratic election cycle in 1990, and helped to found the Pro-Democracy Association one of the first citizen-based, non-partisan election observation organizations in the world. People are generally free to make political choices without undue pressure from unaccountable actors. A man holds a t-shirt with a picture showing Romania's president Klaus iohannis at the ruling Liberal Party congress. Are safeguards against official corruption strong and effective? Expert opinions from the Venice Commission and GRECO in 2018 were critical of the new unit, citing many irregularities and the potential for abuse of power. represented with 1 seat each in the Chamber of Deputies. Once the most vocal opposition party, the Liberal-Democratic Party has become the largest governing party, with most representatives in the Romanian Parliament. A few new parties were also registered during 2019. Human trafficking for the purpose of forced labor and prostitution remains a serious problem in Romania. International election monitors assessed the 2016 polls positively, and stakeholders accepted the results. However, during the elections, UDMR proved it still had the support of the overwhelming majority of Hungarians.
Obsesia unanimitii primii pai" ("The Elections of March 1948: an Epilogue to Alternative Electoral Lists. While the Romanian Orthodox Church remains dominant and politically powerful, the government formally recognizes 18 religions, each of which is eligible for proportional state support. After a shocking murder case in July 2019in which police took 19 hours to respond after receiving calls from a kidnapped teenager, who was later found deadhuman trafficking resurfaced as an area of public concern, considered improperly addressed by law enforcement authorities. Although distinct parties in the communist era were not politically relevant, the following were the officially recognized political forces: Other parties were allowed to exist, with unclear status, until mid-1948. Deputies; the PSDR held 41 and 91, respectively; the Social Democratic The founding parties of PSD came up with government programmes and policies ranging from democratic socialism and social-democracy, PSDR to a mixture of social democracy and pragmatism, in terms of governance, PDSR. The PSD led the 2016 parliamentary elections with 67 Senate seats and 154 seats in the lower house. Are individuals free to express their personal views on political or other sensitive topics without fear of surveillance or retribution?
Romanias constitution grants one lower-house seat to each national minority whose representative party or organization fails to win any seats under the normal rules, and 17 such seats were allotted to minority representatives following the 2016 elections. In October, the government was dismissed in a vote of no confidence by the parliament. Party, revivals of prewar parties that the Communists had outlawed.
During the European Parliament elections, the preferences of the electorate reversed the ranking of the main political parties, pushing the PNL to the first position, followed by PSD, and the Save Romania Union (USR) alliance with PLUS with almost equal support. The party now says it is social-democratic and progressive. Nevertheless, in February 2015, the unregistered Pirate Party of Romania (Romanian: Partidul Pirat din Romnia) filed a complaint to the Constitutional Court, arguing that the list requirement is a violation of the constitutional provisions on freedom of association. Failing that, the earliest and latest dates known for activities are given. As recently as September 2021, the PNL's leader -- and still prime minister until a new government is formed -- Citu said he would "never" negotiate a coalition with the PSD. Since January 2019, the DNA has been led by an acting chief prosecutor, Clin Nistor. Join the movement for democracy. appearedsome new; others, like the Liberals and the Peasant The technical storage or access is necessary for the legitimate purpose of storing preferences that are not requested by the subscriber or user. Are the peoples political choices free from domination by forces that are external to the political sphere, or by political forces that employ extrapolitical means? See all data, scores & information on this country or territory. Most of the Romanians, especially those with extremist and anti-minority views, are against the measures proposed by the UDMRs members. Unanimity Obsession The First Steps Taken"), in, This page was last edited on 15 July 2022, at 15:18. Major political parties can be roughly grouped into three main "families", more specifically liberal, social democratic, or conservative. Nevertheless, in 2019 the DNA continued to carry out investigations, including against members of parliament. Under the 2015 electoral law, the number of signatures needed to create a new party decreased dramatically, leading to the registration of many new parties. However, the Greater Romania Party (PRM) Was the current head of government or other chief national authority elected through free and fair elections? [1] Extremist groups have a relatively low political profile in Romania, despite a surge in popularity of far-right and Eurosceptic political parties across many European Union (EU) countries during the 2010s. However, critics have argued that signature thresholds to register candidates for local and parliamentary elections still place new and smaller parties at a disadvantage. Is there protection from the illegitimate use of physical force and freedom from war and insurgencies? Democratic Union of Hungarians in Romania (RMDSz), Bulgaria, North Macedonia Should Enhance Relations, Srebrenica Anniversary and North Macedonia's EU Accession Path Exacerbate Old Tensions, Brussels Emergency Plan to Reduce Gas Use to Test EU Solidarity Again, In Montenegro, Ukrainian Refugees Struggle with Work and Rent, Moldova Marks 30 Years Since Ceasefire Ended War on Costly Terms, The Czech Exception: A Public Broadcaster Dodges the Illiberal Bullet, Greece Seeks Answers After Plane Carrying Serbian Arms Crashes, Belgrade Bust: Behind the Parties and Plush Condos of Serbias Capital, Albania Blames 'Massive Cyber Attack' as Govt Servers go Down, Albania, North Macedonia, Brace for First EU Accession Talks. For the first six months of the year, Romania held the rotational presidency of the Council of the European Union (EU)the first time the country had done so since becoming an EU member in 2007. Parallels are often drawn with the situation in France two years later, when far right National Front Party leader Jean-Marie Le Pen similarly drew the second-largest number of votes and was elevated, but defeated, in the presidential run-off against Jacques Chirac. This coalition won 155 of 346 seats in the Chamber of Deputies
The PSDR took 28% Even if it is formed, he said, there was no guarantee that the PSD-PNL "grand coalition" would last. In 1947, the communists split the party, imprisoned some of its members and sent others to propagandist labour camps. dominant party in the 1990 elections, however, proved to be the National The technical storage or access is strictly necessary for the legitimate purpose of enabling the use of a specific service explicitly requested by the subscriber or user, or for the sole purpose of carrying out the transmission of a communication over an electronic communications network. Several voices from within the party and the Hungarian community have criticised it for being too moderate, and making too many compromises in political treaties with other Romanian parties. As some members of parliament have since switched political camps, the number of seats for each party has fluctuated since the election, though the PSD has retained the largest number of seats. of Deputies and 37 in the Senate; the Democratic Party took 31 and 13 The Democratic Union of Hungarians is the main political organisation representing the ethnic Hungarians of Romania. Do individuals enjoy personal social freedoms, including choice of marriage partner and size of family, protection from domestic violence, and control over appearance? However, former PSD leader Liviu Dragnea, who served as speaker of the lower house but could not become prime minister due to a criminal conviction, was accused of exerting undue influence over the government until May 2019, when he was ordered to begin serving three and a half years in prison for abuse of power; he had been sentenced in 2018 but appealed. While personal social freedoms are generally protected, domestic violence remains a serious problem, and laws meant to combat it are poorly enforced.
Salvation Front, and an anti-Iliescu wing, headed by ex-Prime Minister A similar situation occurred during the presidential election of 2014, but the problem had remained unaddressed. The EP elections were held concurrently with a referendum called by the president of Romania comprising two questions regarding judicial reform. 
Romania's party system is regulated by Law no. In a statement, USR leader Ciolos said he was "revolted" with the decision. Several mechanisms implemented in recent years were designed to improve transparency. Democratic Party (PSDR) to form the Social Democratic Party, and with As an ethnic minority, above all, UDMR concerns itself with Hungarian rights, including cultural and territorial autonomy on an ethnic basis. After he was named President, Traian Basescu retired from the party leadership and put the current Prime Minster Emil Boc in his place, a nomination only on paper, analysts claimed. the Humanist Party of Romania, formed the Democratic Social Pole of In the parliamentary elections held on 3 November 1996, the PSDR lost Over the past two decades, the party has gone through several mergers and campaigns to redefine its doctrine and name.
The merger of the two processes increased the administrative burden at the polling stations.
Citizens have the legal right to obtain public information and can petition government agencies for it. As a result of the modifications, Romanians abroad would also be able to vote by mail, which they did during the presidential election in November 2019. The country has established a record of peaceful transfers of power between rival parties, and no single force has been able to control both the executive and legislative branches since 2012. Traian Basescu is still the shadow leader of the party, often interfering in its decisions and actions. Women and children from the Roma minority are especially vulnerable to forced begging. The President is Victor Ponta, ex-Vice President of PSD and ex-minister for the Relation with Parliament during Emil Bocs first cabinet. This article lists political parties in Romania. USR leader Dacian Ciolos and Nicolae Ciuc, a former army general, were both previously asked by President Klaus Iohannis to form a government but neither could get enough support in Romania's bitterly-divided parliament. The party leadership was then taken by Traian Basescu, now President of Romania, considered to be the most popular and trustworthy personality of the party, at that time. In 2000, Tudor received the second-largest number of votes in Romanias presidential elections, partially as a result of protest votes lodged by Romanians frustrated with the fractionalisation and mixed performance of the 1996-2000 Romanian Democratic Convention government. 
Parliamentary and presidential elections were held on 26 November 2000, Klaus Iohannis, a centrist who had belonged to the PNL, won a second five-year term as President of Romania in November 2019, defeating Viorica Dncil of the PSD, 66.09 percent to 33.91 percent, in a runoff vote. No similar incidents were recorded in 2019. Victor Ciorbea, a After the coup against Ceausescu, some 80 political parties [23] A succession of coups drastically altered the political landscape as Romania went through a single-party dictatorship under the National Renaissance Front (19381940), then a military dictatorship without political parties (19401944), then briefly returning to multiparty democracy before finally becoming a people's republic (19441947). Bureaucratic barriers, corruption, and broader weaknesses in the rule of law hamper private business activity. Romania has a constitutionally defined system of separation of institutional powers, a competitive multiparty system, a robust civil society, and a legal framework for minority rights protection and political enfranchisement. Minor parties Christian/Democratic National Peasants PartyCommunist PartyDemocratic Force of RomaniaEcologist Party of RomaniaGreen PartyNational Initiative Party New Generation Party Christian DemocraticSocialist Alliance Party, Copyright BIRN 2007 | Terms of use | Privacy Policy | Powered by WordPress / WPML. In August 2018 the president signed a law that imposes fines for sexual and psychological harassment in public and private spaces. In small towns and villages, mayors retain significant leverage over voters. It briefly participated in government from 1993 to 1995. However, in July 2018, after a protracted effort, the government secured the dismissal of DNA chief Laura Codrua Kvesi in what was seen as a blow to the directorates independence. ultranationalist parties, the Party of Romanian National Unity and the He obtained the best results ever at the latest presidential elections: 22% of valid votes. It formed a governing coalition with the Liberal-Democrat Alliance (ALDE), which took 9 and 20 seats in the Senate and lower house, respectively. Ioan Scurtu, Theodora Stnescu-Stanciu, Georgiana Margareta Scurtu, Social Democratic Workers' Party of Romania, Federation of Socialist Parties from Romania, National Democratic Hungarian-Szekler Party, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_political_parties_in_Romania&oldid=1098380855, Articles containing Romanian-language text, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles containing Hungarian-language text, Articles with Romanian-language sources (ro), Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, ADER party for democracy, education and reconstruction, Right-wing nationalist party; active 19101938, Active 19101916, groups active illegally 19161918; Transformed into the, Active 18931899; most of its leadership joined the, Right-wing nationalist party, active 19101938, Generally backing the party in government, it became strongly influenced by, The usual name of the group founded as the, A far right proto-fascist party, merged into. Besides the parties represented in the Romanian Parliament, the following parties only have representation in the European Parliament: The following are political parties which ran by themselves at the 2020 local elections and won elected representation at local and county level (does not include seats won on alliance tickets):[20]. The Court subsequently struck down the requirement as unconstitutional, and on 6 May 2015, the Romanian Parliament approved a modified version of the law, which allows the formation of a political party with 3 signatures.[8][9]. Disinformation about the 2018 demonstration continued into 2019, with prime minister Dncil claiming there was written proof that the protest was a coup attempt, although she backed away from the assertion late in the year. The Center for Independent Journalism, an NGO, qualified the ministers declaration as a limitation to media freedom. Are individuals free to practice and express their religious faith or nonbelief in public and private? ("1946-1948. The law provides safeguards against arbitrary arrest and detention, and these are generally respected, but the right to a fair and timely trial is often undermined by institutional problems including corruption, political influence, staffing shortages, and inefficient resource allocation. In national elections, the union constantly obtains about six per cent of the votes, which roughly corresponds to the percentage of ethnic Hungarians from the total population in Romania. Romanian magistrates associations have been vocal in advocating for the immediate dismantling of the new body. Also, Bela wants to recover the country lost in 1918 (when Transylania was integrated into Romania), including the houses, the woods, the lands and the flag, which were that time nationalised or taken from their owners. Anticorruption investigations continued, despite Laura Codrua Kvesi, head of the National Anticorruption Directorate (DNA), having been forced out of office in July 2018. [2], Party switching (Romanian: traseism politic) remains a very concerning and significant issue, however, as does widespread corruption, leading to an overall low level of public trust in political parties (12% in December 2014). The investigation is now being carried out by the specialized antiorganized crime prosecution service, as the investigation into the violence has been merged with one regarding the alleged coup. 
Kvesi was appointed by the European Council in October to head its newly created European Public Prosecutors Office. The electoral legislation now provides for polling stations in the diaspora to be open for three days, rather than one, and allows voters to cast ballots (in Romania and abroad) after 9 pm if they had waited in line and were unable to vote before the closing time. For example, a software system managed by the National Integrity Agency now contains well over seven and a half million asset and interest declarations.
of Civic Alliance, the Party of Civic Alliance, Liberal Party After the defeat suffered in the last presidential campaign, PSD has regularly tried to overturn the current government through censorship motions, but without success, due to the low number of parliamentary seats. of the vote and the FSN, 10%. Current political parties with parliamentary representation, in order of the number of representatives they have in the Chamber of Deputies: In addition, ethnic minority organizations are granted each seat in the Chamber of Deputies if: (1) are the sole official representative organization of the minority; (2) they participate in the legislative election and do not pass the 5% threshold but obtain at least 10% of the number of votes calculated to correspond to electing one deputy. Romanias multiparty system features active competition between rival blocs. He won the elections wishing everybody to Live Well!, a saying which is now blasphemed by the people due to the measures taken over the financial crisis. Ce spunea George Simion, fondatorul partidului, n urm cu cteva zile: Noi suntem legai de micul productor, de ranul romn. As a result, Parliament in July 2019 adopted modifications to address the problems registered during both 2014 and 2019. Both the ideology and the main political focus of the Greater Romania Party are reflected in frequently strongly nationalistic articles written by Corneliu Vadim Tudor. The Liberal-Democratic Party is the successor of The National Salvation Front, a political formation born as a large mass movement in December 1989, during the Revolution. The National Liberal Party is the youngest ancient Romanian party ancient by tradition and history (it was established in May 24, 1875) and young by vision and pragmatism, according to the partys logo. After this, several cabinet positions remained under the authority of acting ministers, also partly as a result of the presidents refusal to appoint new nominees. Romania. The June 2019 report from the Council of Europes Group of States against Corruption (GRECO) criticized Romania for failing to establish adequate measures to address corruption among members of parliament and magistrates, as well as for controversial attempts to enact legislation pertaining to the justice system that would have the effect of undermining anticorruption efforts. Citu's National Liberal Party (PNL) voted 48 votes to 22 to begin talks with the rival Social Democratic Party (PSD) after two previous attempts failed. He is known for his strongly nationalist and xenophobic views, along with his party. Score Change: The score improved from 3 to 4 because protest-related violence that took place in 2018 was not repeated.
However, the profile of the conflict-of-interest cases brought to court remains rather low, and the agencys activity is not highly publicized. A minority PNL government led by Ludovic Orban took office in November 2019, after the previous government lost a no-confidence vote. None of the major political parties are led by a woman. made a strong showing in both houses of parliament, and its candidate For Romanian voters -- particularly PNL supporters -- a coalition with the PSD could be "a bitter pill to swallow," Costin Ciobanu, an analyst, told Euronews. Does the government operate with openness and transparency? Is there freedom for trade unions and similar professional or labor organizations? NDI's programs in Romania have been supported by the National Endowment for Democracy and the Royal Netherlands Ministry of Foreign Affairs. The discussions are expected to take some weeks. the Democratic Convention of Romania (DCR), which incorporated such The law provides basic protections against exploitative working conditions, though they are unevenly enforced, particularly in the large informal economy. According to its status, it aims to provide and assure a political and social climate, favourable to the development of human personality, creativity and progress. Union, 23 and 53; Hungarian Democratic Union, 8 and 19; Greater Romania Elected officials are generally able to craft and implement government policy without outside interference. During 2019, two journalists received anonymous death threats as a result of investigations they were conducting, into allegations of plagiarism by public officials and senior security agents, and into claims of sexual abuse of children at an Orthodox seminary, respectively. If successful, there has been speculation that a PNL-PSD coalition could seven years and see massive political reform including transforming the country into a parliamentary republic.
The government led by Prime Minister Viorica Dncil, the Social Democratic Party (PSD) leader and a presidential candidate, was marked by frequent changes in its composition.
"They may hope that their government will last seven years - but it may only last seven months," he said. The legal framework generally provides for fair and competitive elections. Iliescu. Ethnic, religious, and other minority groups enjoy full political rights under the law.
A new online platform allowing users to track government policies and bills has been running since March 2019. Politicians frequently spar with journalists on social media, with some instances constituting improper pressure. For example, in his magazine, Tricolorul, there is a permanent column called simply Unguri (Hungarians), in which he criticises alleged anti-Romanian conspiracies among the ethnic Hungarian party. However, people with disabilities, LGBT+ people, Roma, and HIV-positive children and adults face discrimination in education, employment, medical service provision, and other areas. Do laws, policies, and practices guarantee equal treatment of various segments of the population? The second-largest party in the 1992 elections was a coalition, called Afghanistan Human Rights Coordination Mechanism, Emergency Assistance and Thematic Programs. Yet, the latest decisions the party has taken in order to combat the economic crisis has led to it losing its popularity.
and Emil Constatinescu became president. The president, who holds some significant powers in Romanias semipresidential system, is directly elected for up to two five-year terms. "The reality is that in Romania, coalitions have a very short lifespan. PRM is a Romanian radical right-wing, ultra-nationalist party founded in 1991.
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The Social Democratic Party is the main opposition party in Romania. During his re-election campaign in 2019, Iohannis said that one of his key accomplishments was sending the PSD into opposition, Ciobanu said. The most recent vote of no confidence in October 2019 was successful, and the leader of the PNL was tasked by the president with forming a new government. There have been reports of discrimination and harassment of religious minorities, including vandalism of Jewish cemeteries and occasional pieces in the media that portray Islam and Muslim migrants as a threat to the nation. Hungarian Democratic Alliance won 27 and 12; and 19 ethnic parties were and 65 of 143 seats in the Senate. In July 2018, President Iohannis promulgated a law that criminalized the promotion of antisemitism, and in October 2019 he signed a decree to establish the first museum dedicated to the history and memory of the Holocaust in Romania. However, processes for soliciting participation and input from various stakeholders and civil society experts are not well defined, and the government still widely utilizes emergency ordinances for legislating. Active 18751947; the present-day PNL claims to be the successor of this party. for president, Corneliu Vadim Tudor, came in second behind Iliescu, who In November 2018, investigative journalists from the Rise Project, which looks into corruption and organized crime, were targeted by the Romanian Data Protection Authority in an apparent attempt to intimidate them after they published information received about Liviu Dragnea and would not reveal their source. 